What is needed is a means to limit the current that flows through the LED. Resistors offer an expedient means for limiting the current through an LED to safe levels, but they have two downsides: 1. Resistors are inefficient: A resistor converts all the electrical energy it consumes into heat.
Whether you’re using them for indication, communication, lighting, or just for some added cool factor to a project, all LEDs have one thing in common: they are unable to regulate current. Without a limited current flow, LEDs will eventually fail. Sometimes catastrophically.
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why do leds need resistors
